Steroidal Alkaloids as an Emerging Therapeutic Alternative for Investigation of Their Immunosuppressive and Hepatoprotective Potential
نویسندگان
چکیده
The compounds, sarcovagine-D, alkaloid-C, and holaphylline isolated from Sarcococca saligna were found to possess immunosuppressive activities. These compounds were characterized for in vitro inhibition on human T-cells proliferation and IL-2 production. The compounds showed significant immunosuppressive effect on IL-2 production as well as on phytohemagglutinin stimulated T-cell proliferation in a dose dependent manner. Of all the tested compounds holaphylline was found to be less toxic and safe. These compounds were then evaluated for their in vivo hepatoprotective potential against CCl4, in which alkaloid-C and holaphylline showed markedly reduced liver inflammation and biochemical parameter (ALT, AST, and ALP) of liver injury. The decrease in the activity of hepatic antioxidant enzyme (SOD) was significantly prevented by holaphylline, likewise gradually the levels of MDA and GSH were also normalized compared to silymarin. The CCl4 induced inflammation and necrosis around the central vein of liver was reduced by sarcovagine-D, alkaloid-C and holaphylline, to 8%, 4% to 1% respectively as assessed by histopathology, thus having better hepatoprotective effect compared to positive control. Steroidal alkaloids attenuated the inflammation of liver around the injured central vein region by down regulating the CCl4 induced activation of hepatic macrophages as well as their number respectively. Therefore, the in vitro and in vivo results suggest that steroidal alkaloids from S. saligna could be excellent immunosuppressive and hepatoprotective agents.
منابع مشابه
Steroidal alkaloids isolated from leaf (olea Europaea) decreased cerebral ischemic – induced inury on rats
Background: The steroidal alkaloids incurring great interest because of their various pharmacological properties that isolated from various species. The aim of this investigation has been to studying of the effects of Steroidal alkaloids isolated from olive leaf on cerebral ischemic – induced inury on rats. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, 48 male wistar rats divided to s...
متن کاملThymoquinone: an emerging natural drug with a wide range of medical applications
Nigella sativa has attracted healers in ancient civilizations and researchers in recent times. Traditionally, it has been used in different forms to treat many diseases including asthma, hypertension, diabetes, inflammation, cough, bronchitis, headache, eczema, fever, dizziness and influenza. Experimentally, it has been demonstrated that N. sativa extracts and the main constituent of their vola...
متن کاملA Review of Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy on Potential Clinical Applications Towards Diagnosing Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading cancers in the world and early-screening is still the best method of cancer patient survival. However, colonoscopy as the current gold standard is not without flaws and an emerging technique called surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) coupled with machine learning is a possible candidate that could be applied in parallel with colonoscopy. This...
متن کاملInvestigation of Anti-Dermatophytic Effects of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on Trichophyton Mentagrophytes and Epidermophyton Floccosum
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most common pharmacological group that has three primary therapeutic effects including anti-inflammatory, anti-pyrexia, and analgesia. In this study, seven of NSAIDs were tested against two species of skin pathogenic fungi (dermatophytes). Percentage inhibition was determined for effective agents. Diclofenac, Aspirin and Naproxen showed muc...
متن کاملEvaluation of antitumor property of extracts and steroidal alkaloids from the cultivated Bulbus Fritillariae ussuriensis and preliminary investigation of its mechanism of action
BACKGROUND Cancer is well known as a leading cause of death in the world. At present, it is the very active area to search for anticancer drugs from natural products. In this study, we evaluated the antitumor property of chloroform extract (CE), n-hexane extract (HE), water extract (WE) and steroidal alkaloids from the cultivated Bulbus Fritillariae ussuriensis (BFU) and its preliminary mechani...
متن کامل